Energy Management and Electricity Demand

Electricity distribution companies’ primary goal is to meet customer demand with a high reliable electrical system and obtaining good profits.  In the same time customer primary goal is to be fed by electricity without interruption and with low cost.

In order to achieve those goals, we assure that electricity companies and customers must follow an indicating energy management strategy.

What do Electrical Energy Management mean?

For customers interested in achieving Energy management system in their facilities, they can adopt three simple measures as following:

1-     Reduce electricity consumptions : by doing various actions like proceeding electricity conservations measures ( switch off the lighting when you leave the room ) , adopting passive energy efficiency measures ( replacement of high electricity consumption equipment’s and devices with low electricity consumption one or installing heat insulation ) and adopting active energy efficiency measures ( installing variable speed drives for electrical motor  , installing automation and control systems for lighting and motor  ).

2-   Optimize electricity  cost : that mean the cost per unit, for example if you can operate your facility out of maximum demand period as at this time electricity utility will charge you with another low tariff .

3-   Improve electricity reliability and availability: in order to avoid production loss and failure of production material. So it is important to monitor power quality parameters like voltage value, power factor, harmonics, .etc. that can lead to miss operation and equipment’s failure… it’s our pleasure to help you at this point with the aid of the intelligent power quality analyzer if so, please contact us (our details are in the contact us page).

Energy management is an optimal and complete strategy that enables you to save your electricity consumption and making you electricity system more reliable.

Electricity Saving & ELec Motors

Electrical motors are one of the significant high electricity consumption loads and present almost in all electricity application systems as far as they represents nearly 60 % of total loads in industrial electricity application.

Now I will tell you briefly two ways (passive and active efficiency) that can efficiently reduce electricity consumption of electrical motors and their applications like fans, pumps and compressors.

Passive Energy Efficiency to Reduce Motor Electricity Consumption:

Reducing electricity consumption can be done by doing the following:

1-Stop motor if you don’t need it as it consume electricity at no load.

2-Try to not oversize electrical motor and use the optimal (kW) power motor that suit your electrical load demand (60 % - 100 % loading percent is the optimal) as this will lead to waste electricity uselessly.

3-Replace the older, less efficient, rewinding motor with anew more efficient one as the most efficient motor can improve efficiency by 10 % and motor subjected to rewind is less efficient by 3 % to 4 % compared to original one, If the efficiency increases electricity waste reduces.

4-It’s very important to review the coupling between motor and the drive chain as 0.6 mm aligning of the shaft will lead to nearly 8% more electricity losses.

Active Energy Efficiency to Reduce Motor Electricity Consumption:

Very intelligent with high amount of electricity saving,… your electrical motor is working at full speed to meet your max demand of flow in fan or pump or other application but sometimes you needn’t this max flow so you use a valve or a damper or a throttle to reduce the flow of fluid by making friction losses that consider an energy waste. If you use variable speed drive to control the flow of the fan or pump you will save much electricity.. Let me approve this to you by affinity laws which stated that:

Flow is proportional to electrical motor shaft speed.

Pressure is proportional to electrical motor shaft speed square.

Motor electricity consumption is proportional to motor shaft speed cubed.

So if you reduce the electrical motor shaft speed to the half, the flow will reduce to the half also, pressure will reduce to the quarter and fantastically energy consumption by the motor will reduce to one eighth.

So it is very obvious now that small reduction in motor shaft speed (flow or pressure) will lead to significant reduction in electricity consumption.

More Electricity Saving by Using Variable Speed Drives in Conjunction with Control Devices:

Many other electricity saving advantages can be obtained when we use control devices with variable speed drives to meet individual requirement.

For example, at water distribution systems control devices will change the flow of the motor throw variable speed drive according to the value of the flow and pressure required in the piping system.

Another example is in heating and cooling system as the control device will change motor flow throw variable speed drive according to the temperature value, also as a third example in pumping application systems ,control devices will change the flow throw variable speed drive according to to pressure difference come from level difference .

Advantages of Using Control Devices in Conjunction with Variable Speed Drives:

1-Greater accuracy of pressure and flow values.

2-Reduce transient effect in electrical networks and reduce motor vibration.

3-More smoothing in start and stop motor operation.

Ultimately of course significant reduction in electricity consumption can be achieved with a little regard to electricity consumption of electrical motors and its applications especially fans and pumps. 

Energy Basics and Electricity

In the context of increasing concern about electricity presence without interruption which is an essential need for societies wants to go ahead in advanced development and because electricity isn’t generated from the air, it generates from other form of energy .So it is important to know some basics about energy such as energy meaning, energy types, energy units and energy today and its environmental impact.

Energy Meaning:

Energy is the ability of a physical system to do a work on other physical system and all of us should know that in a closed system energy neither be created nor destroyed, it can only transform from one form to another form of energy. In other word energy is invariably conserved in a closed system but the system internal energy is changed as work and heat out or in of it (first law of thermodynamic).Electricity is an important form of energy but to generate electricity you need primary source of energy as electricity is a secondary source or energy.

Energy Types:

Briefly we have two main types, the first one is called “non renewable energy” like petroleum – coal - natural gas and the second one is called “renewable energy” like wind – geothermal – solar – hydropower – biomass - tidal (ocean).

Energy Units:

We can express energy as thermal energy, mechanical energy and electrical energy (electricity). Energy units of the three forms are equivalent but in different values as following:

Energy	Thermal		Electrical	Mechanical
	US	SI
	Btu	KJ	Kwh	N.m=K.g*m2/s2

Where:

Btu: British Thermal Unit  -  J: joule  -  N.m : newton meter  - Kwh : kilowatt hour  and  1055 KJ = 1055 KN.m = 0.293 Kwh = 1000 Btu.

 Electricity:

Electricity is a form of energy results from the motion of electrically charged particles due to induction, friction and mechanical changes. Electricity considered as a secondary energy source as electricity generation is depending on other source of energy which may be renewable or not renewable.

Energy Today and Its Environmental Impacts:

Today the vast majority of the energy usage is generated from fossil fuels and with the increasing of living standards and comfort, energy consumption is increasing day after day and in the same time fossil fuels is limited and have much side effects on the environment, So we are in a bad need of using types of renewable energies stated above.

About the environmental impacts of using fossil fuels:

1-     Reduce air quality needed for organisms.

2-   Acidification of the soil.

3-   Green house effects.

4-   Ozone layer reduction.

 At the end if we want to have electricity without interruptions we need to take care about primary sources of energy especially renewable one.

Electricity Disturbances & Power Quality Analyzer

Nowadays the electricity is no longer clean, good and reliable as much as the past. Sometimes you note that your facility electricity lighting is flickering, other time you note that electricity is shutting down with no reasons also you may receive high cost penalty from the electricity utility and you don’t know why??  …etc.

Really there are many types of electricity disturbances that occur in the electricity sinusoidal feeding waveforms. So as we cannot live without electricity, I introduce to you this important project that all of us need it even if our facility is residential or commercial or industrial ….  At this electricity quality project, with the aid of our intelligent power quality analyzer, we will discover the electrical power quality disturbances that happen in your electricity feeding signals, and then we will specify to you the disturbances types and provide the optimal solutions to correct and avoid them in the future. Now let me tell you some types of electricity disturbances that we can capture in your facility by our intelligent power quality analyzer device:

(1)   Long duration electrical voltage variation “Under voltage - over voltage”.

(2)            Short duration electrical voltage variation “sag – swell”.

(3)            Electrical voltage and current unbalance.

(4)            Electrical voltage flicker.

(5)            Low electrical power factor.

(6)            Electrical harmonics voltages and currents distortions.

Our Intelligent Power Quality Analyzer Device Capabilities

(1) Our power quality analyzer takes measurements to electricity feeding waveforms as it can measure and store many electrical parameters like:

((  Vrms , Arms , Unbalance (V,A) , THD(V) , THD (A) , D.F (V) , D.F (A) ,    Individual harmonics  ( V , A ) up to rank (50) , K.F , C.F , P , Q , VA , KWH , KVARH , VAH , D.P.F , P.F , PST , Transients ( V, A ), Inrush current , Sag , Swell  and much more  )) all  electrical measurements are for single phase as well as three phases and according to IEC standards.

(2) The memory of our power quality analyzer is extended and can capture and store all the electrical parameters of electricity signals simultaneously that happen in even one month with a discrimination time of one second.

(3) The power quality analyzer can measure and store the Aver, max and mini values for electrical current and voltage with a speed of 256 reading per 0.2 second so our power analyzer is distinguished in discovering the electricity transients.

Project Results:

At the end of the power quality project, you will receive the following:

(1)          C.D containing electrical measurements which done by power quality analyzer.

(2)     A comprehensive electrical power quality report that containing the power quality disturbances founded in your electricity signals and the recommended solutions with its specification and point of connection.

(3)       Recommendations about how can you reduce your electricity bill by implementing highly recommended energy conservation and energy efficiency techniques.

Electricity disturbances are growing day after day and we should treat them to avoid problems of misoperation, malfunction and electricity untimely shutdown …etc. So we are waiting for your inquires, we will answer your questions at our email “samehgouda1@hotmail.com “or at our phone cell 00201223745588. 

Electricity Facts

Can you imagine your life without electricity?? .. Do you know that electricity isn’t only a science but also an art? So due to its importance, Let us know together ten important facts about electricity:

(1) Electricity is generated by the movement of negative and positive small particles and once it leave its generating source, it instantly converted to another form of energy.

(2) Static electricity is generated when electrons jump from one object to another object.

(3) We consider electricity as a secondary energy source because it comes from other form of energy. In the same time electricity is the energy that mostly widely used.

(4) When two charged materials are placed near of each other, they either repel or attract each other and this is what we call electricity.

(5) The biggest source of electricity generation in the world is the coal as it burns in a furnace to heat a water boiler and then the water converted to a steam then the steam will move the turbines attached to electricity generator.

(6) Your heart consists of muscles cells which contacted by electricity motion inside your heart so electricity is playing an effective role in how your hear beats?. In the hospital, the electrocardiogram machine measures the electricity motion throw the human heart so when the person is healthy you will see line move throw the screen with a regular spikes when the heart beats.

(7) Electric fields are similar to the gravity, the difference is while the gravity always attracts materials the electric field can repulse or attract the materials.

(8) In “DC” electricity which means direct current, electrons go in one direction (batteries). In “AC” electricity which means alternating current, electrons change their direction from backwards to forward (electricity used in your home).

(9) At the year 1880, DC electricity is invented by Thomas Edison while AC electricity is invented by Nikola Tesla and the two scientist need for their system to be safer and to be used for longer distances, so the two win.

(10) Mr.Benjamin Franklin is the inventor of the lightning rod that protects the building in case of lightning stroke by conducting it to the ground throw wire.

So as electricity plays an effective role in everyday life and as electricity powers all our devices like TV, Light, refrigerator and so forth, which we cannot live without it, we should know more facts about it.

Save Electricity Using Active Energy Efficiency

Yes off course we can make permanent electricity saving through active energy efficiency … Please let me to tell you how??

Active electrical energy efficiency can be achieved when not only electricity saving devices are installed, but also controlled to use only when the electrical energy is required.  So it is a matter of electricity consumption control, for example to save your electricity and reduce your electricity bill you shouldn’t only using energy saving lamp but also turn it off when you leave your room.

The first step to achieve active energy saving is to call an energy auditor specialist who will analyze your electricity consumption across your site or business and indicate the areas in which electrical energy saving will be made.

Electricity Saving Solutions in Commercial Buildings:

Easley you can save up to 30 % of electricity in three areas “lighting – air conditions – integrated building solutions “as following:

1-Lighting Control: by using dimmers, switches, presence and movement detectors and timers.

2-Air Conditions: by using variable speed drives for A.C, Pumps, Fans and other motors.

3-Integrated Building Solutions: by using for example thermostats and floor heating control.

In addition to the previous, power factor compensation and harmonic filtering products will be very effective in reducing your consumption of electricity  incase of low power factor and the presence of harmonics.

Electricity Saving Solutions in Residential Buildings:

Easley you can save up to 40 % of electricity in three areas “lighting – heating monitor – shutter control “as following:

1-Lighting Control: by using dimmers, switches, presence and movement detectors, timers and light sensitive switches.

2-Heating Monitors: by using for example thermostats and floor heating control.

3-Shutter Solutions: by using shutter control systems.

Electricity Saving Solutions in infrastructure and industry:

Easley you can save up to 20 % of electricity in three areas “motors – automation solutions – energy management system “as following:

1-Motors: by using variable speed drives.

2- Automation Solutions: by using PLC at production lines.

3-Management Systems: by using for example monitor, analysis and supervisory systems.

In addition to the previous, power factor compensation and harmonic filtering products will be very effective in reducing your consumption of electricity  incase of low power factor and the presence of harmonics.

Conclusion:

Put in your mind that applying electrical active energy efficiency will directly yield to permanent electricity saving, So please in order to save electricity and reduce your electricity bill, Take care of the following advices that will pave electricity saving way to you:

* Start with electrical measurement in your facility as off course you can’t change what you don’t know and you can’t know what you don’t measure.

* Use only the necessary electrical energy only when you need it by the aid of automation and control systems.

* Make permanent improvements to your electrical processes and take care of periodical electrical maintenance services.

* Always remember that active energy efficiency can be applied in all electricity sectors, residential, commercial and industrial.

We are in a bad need of implementing active energy efficiency technique not only to save electricity and reduce our electricity bill but also to reduce pollutions by reducing the CO2 emissions.