When the electrical current flow in a load circuit the
result will be light, heat generation, electromagnetism and chemical reaction,
let us clear these effects:
Heat generation:
As an example when electrical current flows throw
incandescent lamp, heat will be generated throw the conversion of electrical
energy to thermal energy inside the lamp components. Also when electrical
current exceeds the rated value of the fuse, fuse link will be melted due to
excessive heat.
Electromagnetism:
In fact electricity may be used to produce magnetism and also
magnetism can be used to produce electricity. When any conductor carries
electrical current, magnetic field will be produced around this conductor where
magnetic field strength will proportional to the amount of current flow in the
conductor. Magnetic fields will take various forms with a variable strength
according to the conductor shape as following:
When the electrical current passes throw a straight
conductor the magnetic field will form circular lines around the conductor.
When the electrical current passes throw a loop conductor,
the magnetic field lines will be concentrated to make a strong magnetic field,
in this case magnetic field strength will proportional to the current value and
the number of turns .If we put an iron core inside these coils we can get
strong electromagnetic field as the iron material increase the magnetic filed
strength.
Chemical reactions:
When a battery is connected to an external electrical load,
electrical current will flow throw it, the question is how
the current is generated from a battery?
The answer is, each battery consists of
two different metals and acid mixture with water, when a chemical reaction
between these components is done, voltage difference will appear between the
two battery terminals and the current will flow across the load until the two
metals become the same and the acid reduced to nearly zero. On the other hand
when we charge a battery by an alternator the reaction will reversed as the
chemical reaction will produced by the current flow consequently the current will make electrochemical
reaction that restore again the metal and the acid with water mixture until the
battery will be full charged again .
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